Epidémiolgie - Santé Publique (Epidemiology - Public Health) - EMuL-COVID-19 : Étude multidisciplinaire de recherche sur le COVID-19 au Burkina Faso EMuL-COVID-19: A Multidisciplinary study against COVID-19 in Burkina Faso

The overall aim of this research is to generate epidemiological, sociological and anthropological knowledge that will support Burkina Faso in its current response to the SARSCoV- 2 epidemic. Primary objectives - Determine the cumulative incidence (Seroprevalence) of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population of Burkina Faso (component 1: sero-epidemiology); - Determine the predictive factors for the occurrence of severe complications to COVID- 19 and describe the prognostic factors for death in patients admitted in the COVID-19 reference centers in Burkina Faso. This score will include the patients sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at the hospital admission (component 2: clinical epidemiology); - Analyze the therapeutic itinerary and the experience of confirmed COVID-19 cases that have been treated in the reference centers as well as the perceptions, acceptability and application of the preventive strategies by the general population. (component 3: socioanthropology).Secondary objectives - Determine the seroprevalence of SARS- CoV-2 infection in the general population by age and gender (component 1); - Determine the fraction of asymptomatic infections in the population (presence of antibodies in patients without clinical signs of SARS- CoV-2 infection) by age and gender (component 1); - Determine the risk factors for infection by comparing the characteristics of infected and uninfected individuals (component 1); 2 - Describe the sociodemographic, biological and clinical characteristics of patients with SARSCoV-2 infection in Burkina Faso, including gender, age and co-morbidities (component 2); - Determine prognostic factors for death in patients with COVID-19 (component 2); - Analyze the therapeutic itinerary of patients admitted to the main COVID-19 management centers in Burkina Faso (Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso) (component 3); - Analyze the perceptions and psychological experiences of confirmed cases, their relatives and health workers on the system implemented for the management/care of patients (pre- and post-examination counselling, care, etc.) (component 3); - Review/identify the national strategies for the prevention of COVID-19 and identify the perceptions of the population on the relevance of these strategies as well as their acceptability and application (component 3).Methodology Mixed (quantitative and qualitative) ambispective (using retrospective and prospective data), non-comparative multicenter (Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso) study in Burkina Faso.Sample size 1000 people for component 1 45000 people for component 2 100 people for component 3Outcomes Primary outcomes: • Proportion of people carrying specific antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus; • Proportion of severe complications (defined as the occurrence of severe lung disease, acute respiratory distress syndrome, sepsis or septic shock) in COVID-19 patients; • Proportion of deaths in COVID-19 patients. Secondary outcomes: • Proportion of people carrying SARS-CoV-2 specific antibodies by age and gender; • The proportion of asymptomatic infections (presence of antibodies without clinical symptoms of SARS-CoV-2 infection) by age and gender; • Proportion of COVID-19 complications by age and gender • Proportion of COVID-19 death by age and gender • Acceptability and application of infection prevention strategies by the population. Eligibility Inclusion criteria Component 1: sero-epidemiological - Be 18 years of age or older, - Live in a household identified in the enumeration areas selected to participate in the study in the cities of Ouagadougou or Bobo-Dioulasso, - Have signed the informed consent form Component 2: clinical epidemiology 3 - All patients with COVID-19 hospitalized or discharged from the COVID-19 treatment reference centers in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso. Component 3: socio-anthropological - 18 years of age and over; - Patients who had COVID-19 and discharged from the COVID-19 treatment reference centers in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso; - Caregivers (wives / husbands, children etc.) of the patients with COVID-19 hospitalized or discharged from the COVID-19 treatment reference centers in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso; - Healthcare professionals involved in the care of COVID-19 patients in the treatment reference centers in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso (nurses, laboratory technicians, physicians) No-inclusion criteria Component 1: sero-epidemiological - People aged 18 and over who will refuse to participate in the study in the selected areas in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso. - People under guardianship, trusteeship or future protection mandate. Component 2: clinical epidemiology - Patients hospitalized in referral hospitals in Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso and treated for COVID-19 and who will refuse to participate in the study - Patients under guardianship, trusteeship or future protection mandate. Statistical methods - Quantitative variables will be described by means (standard deviation) and medians (range) and compared by Student or Mann and Whitney tests. Qualitative variables will be described by numbers and percentages and compared by Chi2 or Fischer exact tests. - Clinical, socio-economic and demographic characteristics of individuals will be described and compared. - The cumulative incidence of seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 infection by age group (under 60, 60+) and gender (male, female) will be presented. - Changes in the serum antibody titters of specific antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus (increase in titters between the different measurement times) will be described. - Predictors of severe complications will be investigated using logistic regression models. The sample will be divided into two parts: the first part will be used to generate the predictive score for severe complications. The second part) will be used as a validation set for the score. The area under the curve will be used to evaluate the discriminating capacities of the score and the specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the score will be evaluated. - Prognostic factors for survival will be modelled for all patients using Cox regression. The event studied will be death. Living patients will be censored at the date of discharge from COVID-19. Estimated planning of the Study Beginning of inclusions: July 2020 Estimated recruitment time: 3 months 4 participants follow-up: 4 months data processing: 5 months Total duration of the study: 12 months